:max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Health-GettyImages-2096299621-3654d4a9a2c3424db3ab90cf34899b60.jpg?w=780&resize=780,470&ssl=1 "What do the stages of prostate cancer mean?")
| Prostate cancer steps | ||
|---|---|---|
| Prostate cancer step | PSA level | What it means |
| Step 1 | Less than 10 | Cancer is only in the prostate and the tumor is generally small. |
| Step 2 | 10-19 | Cancer is in prostate and tumor is larger than stage 1. |
| Step 3 | 20 or more | The cancer cells have spread beyond the prostate with nearby tissues. |
| Step 4 | All value | Cancer spread to areas more distant from the body, such as bones, liver or lungs. |
Stage 1 is the first step in prostate cancer, when cancer cells are only in the prostate. There is no damage or metastases from the lymph nodes.
Symptoms: Stage 1 prostate cancer generally does not cause symptoms.
Perspectives: Many cases of prostate cancer are slowly growing and remain in stage 1 for years. The objective of the treatment of stadium prostate cancer 1 is to cure cancer and reach remission (a period without a sign or symptoms of cancer). Your doctor may recommend surgery.
Stage 2 cancer cells are only in the prostate, and the tumor is larger than in stage 1. A health care provider can generally feel a stage 2 tumor during a digital rectal exam. There is no damage or metastases from the lymph nodes.
Stade 2 prostate cancer includes the following subtypes:
- Step 2a: Cancer is confined to the prostate gland or has been removed by surgery. The PSA score is at least 10 but less than 20.
- Step 2b: Cancer spread throughout the prostate gland but not beyond.
- Step 2c: Cancer spread outside the prostate gland but has not reached the nearby lymph nodes.
Symptoms: The possible symptoms of stadium prostate cancer 2 include difficulty urinating and blood in sperm or urine.
Perspectives: Stage 2 prostate cancer is treatable. Your doctor may recommend surgery and radiotherapy to eliminate the tumor or all your prostatic gland and make sure that all cancer cells have been destroyed. The five -year survival rate for localized prostate cancer (stage 1 or 2) is greater than 99%.
Stade 3 prostate cancer has spread outside the prostate towards nearby tissues, including seminal vesicles, urethral sphincter, rectum, bladder or other pelvic areas. It includes the following substances:
- Step 3a: Cancer spread throughout the prostate gland but has not spread beyond. The PSA level is at least 20.
- Step 3b: Cancer spread outside the prostate gland but has not reached the lymph nodes. The PSA can be any value.
- Step 3C: This sub-stage is similar to stadium 3B. Cancer has spread to other areas of the body but has not reached the lymph nodes. The PSA can be any value.
Symptoms: Possible symptoms of stadium prostate cancer 3 include problems to urinate, blood in your urine or sperm, erectile dysfunction and pain.
Perspectives: Stage 3 prostate cancer options may include surgery, radiotherapy and hormone therapy. The 5 -year survival rate for regional propagation prostate cancer (stage 3) is greater than 99%.
Stage 4 – Also called metastatic prostate cancer – is the most advanced form of prostate cancer. It includes the following substances:
- Step 4a: Cancer spread to tissues near the prostate and lymph nodes. PSA level can be any value.
- Step 4b: Cancer spread to lymph nodes and areas distant from your body, such as bones, liver or lungs.
Symptoms: Based on the place where cancer has spread, symptoms may include erectile dysfunction, hip resistance to hip or back, weakness or numbness in your legs and feet, weight loss and fatigue.
Perspectives: Stade 4 prostate cancer is not healed, but treatment options are available to help reduce pain and improve quality of life. Possible treatment options include surgery, hormone therapy and bone treatments. The 5 -year survival rate for metastatic prostate cancer is 37%.
Treatment options to help stop or slow down the progression of prostate cancer may include:
- Active monitoring: In cases of prostate cancer which are small and unlikely to develop or spread, your doctor may recommend monitoring the tumor until it starts to develop.
- Surgery: People with prostate cancer at an early stage can benefit from surgery to eliminate the cancer tumor. If you have a type of more aggressive prostate cancer, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove the prostate gland and surrounding lymph nodes.
- Radiotherapy: Your doctor may recommend radiotherapy to shrink the tumor before surgery or to destroy the remaining cancer cells after surgery.
- Hormonotherapy: For more advanced steps, your supplier can recommend hormone therapy in addition to radiotherapy.
- Chemotherapy: Your supplier may recommend chemotherapy with other treatments if your prostate cancer is advanced or metastasized.
- Lifestyle factors: Physical activity, a diet rich in nutrients and avoiding smoking can reduce the risk of death by prostate cancer.
Throughout your treatment, you will probably have regular meetings with your health care team. These meetings may include physical exams, imaging tests, blood tests and treatments. Your supplier may also recommend obtaining emotional support for a therapist or a cancer support group.
Prostate cancer can affect your sexual health and function. Advanced prostate cancer can affect your ability to control your bladder and your intestines. Your health care team can help you learn to manage these symptoms.
Prostate cancer has four steps. Step 1 can be healed with surgery to eliminate the prostate tumor or gland. Stade 2 cancer has spread throughout the gland of the prostate. Stade 3 prostate cancer has spread to the nearby tissue, and stadium 4 prostate cancer has spread to lymph nodes and areas far from the body.
